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Pangolin curled defensively on forest floor
Briefings

MAY 16 2026 · KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA · 2 min read

Pangolin Rescue: Why the World's Most Trafficked Mammal Needs Help in Malaysia

In brief

Pangolins are widely reported as the most trafficked mammal in the world. All eight species are listed on CITES Appendix I, and the IUCN Red List ranges from Vulnerable to Critically Endangered.

Key Takeaways

  • Pangolins are widely reported as the most trafficked mammal in the world (IUCN).
  • All eight pangolin species are listed on CITES Appendix I.
  • Primary demand is for scales (used in traditional medicine) and for meat.
  • Seized live pangolins have very high mortality without specialist veterinary care.
  • Malaysia is a major transit hub between source forests in Africa and Southeast Asia and demand markets in East Asia.

Pangolin rescue has become one of the defining wildlife crises of our time. All eight pangolin species are listed under CITES Appendix I, the strictest international protection available. Yet pangolins remain the most trafficked mammal in the world. Malaysia, as both a transit point and a destination market for the trade, is a critical place to intervene.

The problem

  • Hundreds of thousands of pangolins are trafficked each year, primarily for their scales.
  • Pangolin scales are made of keratin — the same material as human fingernails — and have no proven medicinal value.
  • Pangolins are solitary, nocturnal, and notoriously difficult to keep in captivity. Most seized pangolins die within weeks unless they are handled by experts.
  • A single pangolin can consume tens of millions of ants and termites a year, playing a critical role in forest insect regulation.

How rescue works

Pangolin rescue begins with intelligence-led customs interdiction. Once pangolins are confiscated, they need immediate species-specialist veterinary care — most cannot eat anything other than live ants and termites, and many arrive dehydrated and traumatised. Surviving animals are then placed in a soft-release facility within native habitat for a slow return to the wild.

What WARN is preparing to do

Our Malaysia programme will fund customs-detection training at key transit points, equip a pangolin-specific rehabilitation centre with the right diet and quarantine infrastructure, and work with local rescue partners on safe soft-release into protected reserves. We cannot launch this without supporter funding.

W

WARN Editorial Team

World Animal Rescue Network

Published MAY 16 2026 2 min read · 335 words
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